Caffeine is sequentially metabolized by cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2), N-acetyltransferase (NAT) and/or xanthine oxidase (XO). In the current data the experience of those around three enzymes try estimated regarding ratios of one’s metabolites formed from slimming down coffee and you may excreted to the urine gathered because the destination samples. On urine samples away from ten away from 377 sufferers levels away from caffeine metabolites was too lowest to let reliable size of the fresh ratios. When you look at the 335 healthy victims the newest NAT interest shown a traditionally bimodal distribution which have 47% prompt acetylators and you will 53% slow acetylators, in keeping with good Danish inhabitants. The fresh new ratios showing CYP1A2 and XO issues was basically journal typical and typical distributed, respectively. Within the 103 non-smoking dudes and you can ninety non-smoking feminine the new ratio from caffeinated drinks metabolites saying CYP1A2 hobby is cuatro.seven +/- step 1.6 and you may cuatro.step 3 +/- 1.nine than the seven.8 +/- dos.5 and seven.step 3 +/- step three.0 inside 31 men and you can twenty five feminine sufferers smoking 10 tobacco/day or even more correspondingly, verifying induction from CYP1A2 by tobacco (P lower than 0.05), however, minimal sex-associated differences. Read more